Teknụzụ mkpuchi maka elektrọd graphite, ọkachasị mkpuchi antioxidant, na-agbatị ndụ ọrụ ha nke ukwuu site na ọtụtụ usoro physicochemical. E depụtara isi ụkpụrụ na ụzọ teknụzụ dị ka ndị a:
I. Isi Usoro nke Mkpuchi Antioxidant
1. Ịkewapụ Gas ndị na-eme ka ihe ghara ịdị ọcha
N'okpuru ọnọdụ oke okpomọkụ dị elu, elu elektrọd graphite nwere ike iru 2,000–3,000°C, na-akpali mmeghachi omume oxidation dị ike site na ikuku oxygen (C + O₂ → CO₂). Nke a na-akpata 50–70% nke oriri akụkụ mgbidi elektrọd. Mkpuchi antioxidant na-emepụta akwa seramiiki ma ọ bụ metal-seramiiki dị arọ iji gbochie ikuku oxygen na matrix graphite nke ọma. Dịka ọmụmaatụ:
Mkpuchi RLHY-305/306: Jiri nhazi azụ̀ nano-seramiiki mepụta netwọk iko n'oge okpomọkụ dị elu, na-ebelata ọnụọgụgụ mgbasa oxygen site na ihe karịrị 90% ma na-agbatị ndụ elektrọd site na 30–100%.
Mkpuchi Silicon-Boron Aluminate-Aluminum Multilayer: Jiri ihe na-agba ọkụ rụọ nhazi gradient. Okpomọkụ dị n'èzí nke aluminom na-eguzogide okpomọkụ karịrị 1,500°C, ebe oyi akwa silicon dị n'ime na-ejigide ike eletrik, na-ebelata oriri electrode site na 18–30% na oke 750–1,500°C.
2. Ọgwụgwọ Onwe Onye na Mgbochi Ujo Okpomọkụ
Mkpuchi ahụ ga-anagide nrụgide okpomọkụ site na usoro mgbasa/mkpụchi ugboro ugboro. Nhazi ndị dị elu na-arụzi onwe ha site na:
Nano-Oxide Ceramic Powder-Graphene Composites: Na-emepụta ihe nkiri oxide dị oke egwu n'oge mmalite oxidation iji mejupụta microcracks ma chekwaa iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe mkpuchi ahụ.
Nhazi Bilayer Polyimide-Boride: Mpụta polyimide na-enye mkpuchi eletriki, ebe mpụta borode na-akpalite ihe mkpuchi nchebe na-eduzi. Mgbanwe modulus na-agbanwe agbanwe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, na-ebelata site na 18 GPa na mpụta ruo 5 GPa na mpụta) na-ebelata nrụgide okpomọkụ.
3. Mkpuchi na Mkpuchi Gas Kachasị Mma
A na-ejikarị teknụzụ mkpuchi eme ihe na ihe ọhụrụ owuwu, dịka:
Nhazi Oghere Gbara Ókè: Ọdịdị obere oghere dị n'ime elektrọd, yana aka uwe nchekwa roba annular, na-eme ka njikọ mechie ma belata ihe egwu oxidation mpaghara.
Mkpọpụta Vacuum: Na-abanye n'ime mmiri SiO₂ (≤25%) na Al₂O₃ (≤5.0%) n'ime oghere elektrọd, na-emepụta oyi akwa nchebe 3–5 μm nke na-eme ka iguzogide nchara dị okpukpu atọ.
II. Nsonaazụ Ngwa Ụlọ Ọrụ
1. Ịmepụta Ọkụ Eletriki (EAF)
Mbelata oriri Elektrọd kwa tọn ígwè: Elektrọd ndị a na-agwọ antioxidant na-ebelata oriri site na kilogram 2.4 ruo kilogram 1.3–1.8 kwa tọn, mbelata nke 25–46%.
Obere Oriri Ike: Nguzogide mkpuchi na-ebelata site na 20–40%, na-eme ka njupụta ugbu a dị elu ma na-ebelata ihe achọrọ na dayameta elektrọd, na-ebelata ojiji ike.
2. Mmepụta Silicon nke e tinyere n'ime mmiri n'ime ọkụ (SAF)
Oriri Elektrọd Edobere n'Ime Ka Ọ Dịgide: Ojiji elektrọd silikọn kwa tọn na-ebelata site na kilogram 130 ruo kilogram 100, mbelata nke ~ 30%.
Nkwụsi Ike Nhazi Kachasị Elu: Njupụta olu na-anọgide na-aga n'ihu ruo awa 240 mgbe awa 1,200°C gachara.
3. Ngwa Ọkụ Na-eguzogide
Ogologo Okpomọkụ Dị Elu: Elektrọd ndị a gwọrọ agwọ na-egosi ogologo ndụ 60% na 1,800°C na-enweghị mmebi ma ọ bụ mgbawa mkpuchi.
III. Ntụnyere Usoro na Usoro Nkà na ụzụ
| Ụdị Teknụzụ | Ihe mkpuchi | Usoro Usoro | Mmụba Ndụ | Ihe Ndị Dị Mkpa n'Ime Ngwa |
| Mkpuchi Nano-seramiiki | RLHY-305/306 | Ọkpụrụkpụ nke ịgbasa: 0.1–0.5 mm; okpomọkụ nkụ: 100–150°C | 30–100% | EAF, SAF |
| Ọtụtụ oyi akwa e fesara n'ọkụ | Silicon-boron aluminate-aluminum | Oyi akwa silikọn: 0.25–2 mm (2,800–3,200°C); oyi akwa aluminom: 0.6–2 mm | 18–30% | EAF dị ike |
| Ntinye ihe n'ime ikuku + mkpuchi | Mmiri mejupụtara SiO₂-Al₂O₃-P₂O₅ | Ọgwụgwọ uzuoku: nkeji 120; itinye ihe n'ime mmiri: awa 5-7 | 22–60% | SAF, ọkụ ndị na-eguzogide |
| Ihe mkpuchi nano na-agwọ onwe ya | Seramiiki Nano-oxide + Graphene | Ọgwụgwọ infrared: awa 2; ike siri ike: HV520 | 40–60% | EAF dị elu |
IV. Nyocha Teknụzụ na Akụnụba
1. Uru Ọnụego
Ọgwụgwọ mkpuchi na-akpata 5-10% nke ọnụ ahịa elektrọd niile mana ọ na-agbatị ndụ ọrụ site na 20-60%, na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa elektrọd kwa tọn ígwè site na 15-30%. Ojiji ike na-ebelata site na 10-15%, na-ebelata mmefu mmepụta.
2. Uru Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na Mmekọrịta Mmadụ na Ibe Ya
Mbelata ugboro ole a na-eji dochie elektrọd na-ebelata ike ọrụ na ihe egwu ndị ọrụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọkụ dị elu).
Ọ dabara na amụma nchekwa ike, na-ebelata mwepụta CO₂ site na ~0.5 tọn kwa tọn ígwè site na obere oriri elektrọd.
Mmechi
Teknụzụ mkpuchi elektrọd graphite na-eguzobe usoro nchekwa dị iche iche site na mwepụ anụ ahụ, nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ, na imeziwanye nhazi, na-eme ka ogologo oge dịkwuo elu na gburugburu okpomọkụ dị elu, na-eme ka oxidation dị. Ụzọ teknụzụ agbanweela site na mkpuchi otu oyi akwa gaa na nhazi ndị mejupụtara na ihe ndị na-agwọ onwe ha. Ọganihu n'ọdịnihu na nanotechnology na ihe ndị a na-enye ọkwa ga-eme ka arụmọrụ mkpuchi dịkwuo elu, na-enye ngwọta dị irè karị maka ụlọ ọrụ okpomọkụ dị elu.
Oge ozi: Ọgọst-01-2025