Ojiji Graphite na Ngwa Eletrọniki

Graphene bụ ihe ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na ndị injinia na-akpọ otu oyi akwa graphite n'ọkwa atọm, a na-apịachikwa obere oyi akwa graphene ndị a ma jiri ha mee ihe na nanotubes. Nke a nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ike eletriki dị egwu na ike na nrụsi ike pụrụ iche nke ihe ahụ.

E ji oke ogologo ruo dayameta nke ruru 132,000,000:1 rụọ nanotubes carbon nke oge a, nke buru ibu karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ. E wezụga iji ya na nanotechnology, nke ka dị ọhụrụ n'ụwa nke semiconductors, ekwesịrị ịmara na ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta graphite anọwo na-emepụta ọkwa graphite kpọmkwem maka ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ.

2. Moto eletriki, jenereta na ihe ndị ọzọ

A na-ejikarị ihe e ji eme ka carbon graphite eme ihe na moto eletriki, jenereta, na alternators n'ụdị brọsh carbon. N'okwu a, "brọsh" bụ ngwaọrụ nke na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik n'etiti waya ndị na-anaghị agagharị na njikọta nke akụkụ ndị na-agagharị, a na-etinyekwa ya n'oghere na-agbagharị agbagharị.

3. Ịkụnye Ion

A na-eji graphite eme ihe ugbu a n'ọtụtụ oge n'ụlọ ọrụ eletrọniki. A na-eji ya eme ihe na ntinye ion, thermocouples, switches eletriki, capacitors, transistors, na batrị.

Itinye ion n'ime ihe bụ usoro injinia ebe a na-eme ka ion nke ihe dị iche iche dị ngwa ngwa n'ọhịa eletriki ma na-emetụta ya n'ime ihe ọzọ, dị ka ụdị impregnation. Ọ bụ otu n'ime usoro ndị bụ isi eji eme mmepụta nke microchips maka kọmputa ọgbara ọhụrụ anyị, atọm graphite na-abụkarị otu n'ime ụdị atọm ndị a na-etinye n'ime microchips ndị a dabere na silicon.

E wezụga ọrụ pụrụ iche nke graphite na mmepụta nke microchips, a na-eji ihe ọhụrụ dabere na graphite dochie capacitors na transistors ọdịnala. Dịka ụfọdụ ndị nchọpụta si kwuo, graphene nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọzọ enwere ike iji dochie silicon kpamkpam. Ọ dị obere karịa transistor silicon ugboro 100, ọ na-eduzi ọkụ eletrik nke ọma karịa, ma nwee ihe ndị pụrụ iche nke nwere ike ịba uru nke ukwuu na kọmputa quantum. Ejikwala Graphene na capacitors nke oge a. N'ezie, a na-ekwu na graphene supercapacitors dị ike ugboro 20 karịa capacitors ọdịnala (na-ewepụta 20 W/cm3), ha nwekwara ike ịdị ike ugboro 3 karịa batrị lithium-ion nke taa dị elu.

4. Batrị

Maka batrị (cell akọrọ na lithium-Ion), ihe ndị e ji carbon na graphite mee bara uru ebe a. N'ihe gbasara sel akọrọ ọdịnala (batrị anyị na-ejikarị na redio, ọkụ ọkụ, ihe ndị na-emegharị anya, na elekere), elektrọd ígwè ma ọ bụ mkpanaka graphite (katode) gbara ya gburugburu site na ihe na-eme ka elektrọl dị mmiri mmiri, ha abụọ dịkwa n'ime silinda ígwè.

Batrị lithium-ion nke oge a na-ejikwa graphite kwa - dị ka anode. Batrị lithium-ion ochie ejiri ihe graphite ọdịnala mee ihe, mana ugbu a graphene na-adị mfe ịnweta, a na-eji graphene anode eme ihe ugbu a - ọkachasị maka ihe abụọ; 1. graphene anode na-ejide ike nke ọma na 2. ọ na-ekwe nkwa oge chajị nke dị okpukpu iri karịa batrị lithium-ion ọdịnala.

Batrị lithium-ion a na-agbanyeghachi na-aghọwanye ewu ewu taa. A na-ejikarị ha eme ihe ugbu a na ngwa ụlọ anyị, ngwa eletrọniki a na-ebugharị ebugharị, laptọọpụ, ekwentị mkpanaaka, ụgbọala eletrik a na-ejikọta ọnụ, ụgbọala ndị agha, na ngwa ụgbọelu.