Nyocha na Uru nke Graphitized Petroleum Coke na Aluminum Electrolysis Industry
I. Itinye Coke mmanụ ala a kpụrụ akpụ n'ime blọk Kathode na Anode Paste
1. Mmepụta ihe mgbochi katode
Coke petroleum nke a na-akpọ Graphitized petroleum coke bụ isi ihe eji emepụta blọk carbon cathode graphitized. Mgbe a gbasịrị ọgwụgwọ graphitization okpomọkụ dị elu na ihe dịka 3000°C, ịdị ọcha carbon ya karịrị 98%, njupụta ya na-abawanye nke ukwuu, na-emepụta nhazi kristal graphite nke a haziri nke ọma. Nhazi a na-enye blọk cathode ihe ndị a:
- Mmeziwanye iguzogide mbuze sodium: Ọdịdị dị ọcha nke graphitized dị elu na-eguzogide ntinye sodium nke ọma n'oge electrolysis aluminom, na-agbatị ndụ ọrụ kathode.
- Mmeziwanye ike eletriki: Grafitization na-ebelata ike iguzogide nke ukwuu, na-ebelata mbelata voltaji ala sel ma na-ebelata ike mmepụta aluminom site na ihe dịka 5%–10%.
- Nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ kachasị mma: Mgbasawanye olu dị ala na okpomọkụ dị elu na-ebelata ihe egwu mgbawa nke nrụgide okpomọkụ kpatara.
2. Nkwadebe maka mado Anode
Na ntụ ntụ anode, coke petroleum graphitized na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe mgbakwunye carbon na ihe nhazi usoro, yana mmetụta ndị a:
- Mmeziwanye ike eletriki: Nhazi eserese ahụ na-akwalite nkesa ọkụ eletrik otu otu, na-ebelata oke voltaji anode.
- Mmụba iguzogide oxidation: Obere ọdịnaya sọlfọ (nke na-abụkarị <0.06%) na-ebelata mgbawa gas na-akpata n'oge mmeghachi omume na CO₂, na-ebelata oriri anode kwa tọn ígwè (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mbelata 12% na ojiji nke otu ụlọ ọrụ).
- Nhazi oghere kachasị mma: Nhazi eserese na-ebelata porosity nke pitch coke, na-eme ka njupụta anode na ike igwe dịkwuo elu.
II. Uru Dị Mkpa nke Coke Mmanụ E Ji Graphitized Mee Karia Coke Mmanụ E Ji Calcined Mee
| Metric Arụmọrụ | Kọketị mmanụ ala e sere eserese | Calcined Petroleum Coke |
|---|---|---|
| Ọdịnaya sọlfọ | 0.03%–0.06% (ụdị sọlfọ dị ala) | ~0.5% (ụdị ọkọlọtọ) |
| Ọnụego mmịpụta | 90%–95% | 80%–90% |
| Ogo eserese | Ejiri graphit mee ihe nke ọma (ezi njupụta ≥2.18 g/cm³) | E tinyere ya n'ime akụkụ nke graphit (ezi njupụta 1.8–2.0 g/cm³) |
| Ọdịnaya adịghị ọcha | Ntụ ≤0.15%, ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe <0.5% | Ntụ 0.3%–0.8%, ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe 0.7%–1.5% |
| Ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye okpomọkụ | Dị ala (ụdị coke agịga) | Elu (ụdị coke sponge) |
| Ọnọdụ ngwa | Elektrọd graphite dị ike, ngwaahịa carbon pụrụ iche | Anọd e ji eme achịcha nke ọma, elektrọd silicon ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe |
Uru Ndị A Pụrụ Iche:
1. Nhazi arụmọrụ Electrochemical
- Nguzogide nke coke petroleum graphitized dị ala site na 30%–50% karịa nke coke calcined, nke na-ebelata oke ike nke sel electrolysis. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na elektrọd coke agịga 750 mm, conductivity karịrị nke coke ọkọlọtọ ugboro atọ, na-eme ka arụmọrụ nke ígwè dịkwuo mma ruo nkeji iri abụọ na ise kwa ọkụ.
- Ọdịnaya dị ala nke sọlfọ na-ebelata mmeghachi omume dị n'etiti anodes na electrolytes nwere fluoride, na-ebelata ọzịza nke gas na-akpata ma na-agbatị ndụ anode.
2. Mmezi Ihe onwunwe nke igwe
- Nhazi eserese na-eme ka ihe sie ike ma na-eguzogide ujo okpomọkụ. N'ebe a na-eji aluminom elektrolysis dị elu, oke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ nke blọk cathode graphitized dị ala karịa nke coke calcined, na-ebelata mmebi nhazi site na mgbanwe okpomọkụ.
- Njupụta dị elu (≥2.18 g/cm³) na-eme ka ihe dị n'ime ya dịkwuo mma, na-ebelata ntinye mmiri aluminom na mbuze sodium.
3. Uru Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na Akụ na Ụba
- Mbelata ọdịnaya sọlfọ na-ebelata mwepụta SO₂, na-emezu iwu gburugburu ebe obibi. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ụlọ ọrụ aluminom nke na-eji obere sọlfọ graphitized coke belatara mwepụta SO₂ kwa tọn aluminom site na 15%.
- N'agbanyeghị ọnụ ahịa dị elu (ihe dị ka ugboro 1.5–2 nke coke calcined), ogologo ndụ na obere oriri ike na-ebelata itinye ego mbụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndụ ngọngọ cathode mụbara site na afọ 5 ruo 8, na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa zuru oke site na 20%.
III. Okwu Ngwa na Nkwado Data
- Ụlọ Ọrụ Aluminom Electrolysis: N'ụwa niile, a na-eji 70% nke coke calcined eme ihe maka anodes electrolysis aluminum, mana ahịa ndị dị elu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, cathodes graphitized) na-eji coke graphitized eme ihe nke ukwuu. Otu ụlọ ọrụ belatara oriri anode site na 420 kg/t-Al ruo 370 kg/t-Al mgbe ọ nabatara cathodes graphitized, na-echekwa RMB nde 200 kwa afọ.
- Ụlọ Ọrụ Nrụpụta Ihe: Elektrọd coke agịga 750 mm nwere ike ibu 100,000 Ọkụ A nwetara arụmọrụ mmepụta ígwè nke nkeji iri abụọ na ise kwa ọkụ, yana ike mgbanwe ya okpukpu atọ karịa coke ọkọlọtọ.
- Ngalaba Nchekwa Ike: Coke nke a na-agbanwe agbanwe nke asphalt mere ka ndụ okirikiri anode carbon siri ike ka mma site na okirikiri 400, na-enweta mmetụta na ahịa batrị sodium-ion.
IV. Mmechi
Coke mmanụ a na-ese n'elu ya, site na nhazi graphitization dị elu, na-egosi ịdị ọcha dị elu, ike eletriki, na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere coke mmanụ a na-ese n'elu ya, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka blọk cathode aluminom electrolysis dị elu na mmepụta pụrụ iche nke anode paste. N'agbanyeghị ọnụ ahịa dị elu, ogologo ndụ ya, arụmọrụ ike, na uru gburugburu ebe obibi na-etinye ya dị ka ihe dị mkpa maka ịkwalite ụlọ ọrụ aluminom. Ọganihu n'ọdịnihu na teknụzụ graphitization (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị elu na 3000°C) ga-agbasa ngwa ya gaa na graphite ọkwa nuklia, anode batrị lithium-ion, na ubi ndị ọzọ dị elu.
Oge ozi: Sep-22-2025